Gibbs Free Energy Calculator

Calculate delta G = delta H - T * delta S. Determine reaction spontaneity.

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How to Use the Gibbs Free Energy Calculator

Enter the enthalpy change (delta H) in kJ/mol, the temperature in Kelvin, and the entropy change (delta S) in J/(mol K). The calculator computes delta G = delta H - T * delta S and indicates whether the reaction is spontaneous.

About the Gibbs Free Energy Calculator

Gibbs free energy determines whether a process is thermodynamically spontaneous. When delta G is negative, the process can occur without external energy. The equation delta G = delta H - T * delta S combines enthalpy (heat) and entropy (disorder) contributions. It is one of the most important equations in all of chemistry and biochemistry.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does a negative delta G mean?

A negative delta G means the reaction is spontaneous (thermodynamically favorable) under the given conditions. It will proceed without external energy input. Note that spontaneous does not mean fast.

Why is delta S entered in J/(mol K) but delta H in kJ/mol?

This matches how thermodynamic data is commonly tabulated. Entropy values are typically small numbers in J/(mol K), while enthalpy values are in kJ/mol. The calculator converts delta S to kJ/(mol K) internally.

At what temperature does a reaction become spontaneous?

Set delta G = 0 and solve: T = delta H / delta S. If both delta H and delta S are negative, the reaction is spontaneous below this temperature. If both are positive, it is spontaneous above this temperature.